Electromagnetic switching device



March 8, 1966 ZUPA 3,239,727

ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHING DEVICE Filed Aug. 12, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet 1FIG.4

INVENTOR. FRANK A. ZUPA BY 742M ATTOR N EY March 8, 1966 F. A. ZUPA3,239,727

ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHING DEVICE File d Aug. 12, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet zINVENTOR. FRANK A. ZU PA ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,239,727ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHING DEVICE Frank A. Zupa, New York, N.Y., assignorto Ailied Controi Company, Inc., New York, N.Y., a corporation of NewYork Filed Aug. 12, 1963, Ser. No. 31,378 17 Claims. (Cl. 317165) Thisinvention relates to the art of electromagnetic devices and, moreparticularly, to an electromagnetic relay having improved features ofdesign and construction. The invention pertains, in one of its morespecific aspects, to an electromagnetic relay that is adapted to bereadily made in small and miniature sizes and that is capable ofrendering satisfactory service over extended periods of time.

The relay of this invention has wide application in the electronicsfield. It is especially useful as a component in electronic computers,telephone systems and the like.

The present relay may be advantageously employed with a wide variety ofswitch arrangements, i.e., various forms of single pole or multi-poleswitches which may be either single throw or double throw. The detaileddescription herein and the accompanying drawings are directed, by way ofexample, to a relay embodying the invention and having a 4-pole doublethrow switch arrangement in corporated therein.

It should be borne in mind that the present relay may be advantageouslyemployed to operate devices other than switch arrangements. For example,the relay of this invention may be utilized to operate valves, toggieswitches or other mechanical or electro-mechanical devices.

The relay of this invention is applicable for operation with analternating current power supply or a direct current power supply,depending on the inclusion or omission of a shading coil in associationwith a pole member. The embodiment of the invention herein illustratedand described contemplates the utilization of a shading coil foroperation with an alternating current power supply.

The primary object of this invention is to provide an electromagneticdevice having improved features of design and construction.

Another object of the invention is to provide a relay including aresilient hinge unit which is so constructed and arranged with respectto a rockable armature unit and other parts as to support and yieldinglymaintain the armature unit in open position, when the relay is inunenergized condition, and permit pivotal movement of the armature toclosed position, when the relay is in energized condition, the parts ofthe hinge unit being adapted to be adjusted to vary the force normallyexerted on the armature unit as required by particular operatingconditions.

The invention has, for another object, the provision of an improvedarmature that is especially useful in relays that are operated byalternating currents.

A further object of the invention is to provide a relay in which certain.parts may be readily and conveniently united to form independent unitsor sub-assemblies that are subsequently brought together andinterconnected to obtain the complete relay.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an electromagneticdevice of the character indicated that is small, compact and lightweightin design; that is sturdy and durable in construction; that isreasonable in manufacturing cost; that may be readily adjusted, asrequired by particular operating conditions; and that is capable ofaffording eflicient, dependable and trouble-free service over extendedperiods of time.

The resilient hinge unit and the armature unit, which are referred toabove, constitute the two principal or outstanding features of thisinvention. The advantages and 3,239,727 Patented Mar. 8, 1966 lCebenefits obtainable by utilization of these units will be discussed indetail further along in this description.

The enumerated objects and other objects, together with the advantagesof this invention, will be readily understood by persons trained intheart from the following detailed description and the annexed drawingswhich respectively describe and illustrate a recommended form of theinvention.

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters denote correspondingparts throughout the several views:

FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation of a relay constructed in accordancewith this invention and utilizing a 4-pole double throw switcharrangement, the cover of the relay being omitted for betterillustration of the operating parts;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view in enlargement taken along line 33 of FIG.1;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view in enlargement of the resilient hinge unitof the relay which is shown in other views;

FIG. 5 is an isometric view in enlargement of the armature unit of therelay which is shown in other views;

FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 and illustrates the armaturecooperatively associated with several other parts of the relay;

FIG. 7 is a view in enlargement taken along line 77 of FIG. 1 andillustrates the position of portions of the armature relative to thepoles when the relay is in energized condition and prior to adjustmentof said portions of the armature to compensate for misalignment; and

FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 7 and shows the relative positionof the parts after the illustrated portions of the armature have beenadjusted to compensate for misalignment.

The illustrated form of the invention is made up of six principal unitsor assemblies, namely a support unit S, an electromagnet unit B, anarmature unit A, a resilient hinge unit H, a clamp unit C and a contactpile-up assembly P. These units are assembled and cooperatively arrangedto obtain the complete relay which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and which,in normal use, is generally provided with a protective cover or casing(not shown).

Support unit S, which is best shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, is preferablymolded from a suitable electric insulating material, such as a phenolformaldehyde resinous composition that is available under the trade-nameBakelite. This unit is the same as or similar to the corresponding unitdisclosed in pending application of James Diciolla, Ser. No. 81,772, forElectromagnetic Device, to which reference may be had for details ofconstruction. Unit S includes a base 10 and a transverse partition 11.Base 10 is equipped with a mounting bolt 12.

Reference is now had to FIG. 1 for an understanding of the constructionof electromagnet unit E. This unit includes an upstanding bobbin havinga lower end flange 13 and an upper end flange 14, a magnetizing coil 15which is wound around the bobbin, and a polepiece or core member 16which extends through the opening defined by the bobbin. Coil 15 has apair of electric leads, only one of which is shown and identified bynumeral 17. This coil lead is connected to an electric terminal 18,preferably by soldering. The other coil lead is connected to acorresponding electric terminal (not shown) in like manner. The coilterminals extend through and below corresponding slots in base 10 andare anchored to the base in any desired manner known to the art. Theseterminals are adapted to be connected to a suitable source of electricenergy supply (not shown). Coil 15 is ensheathed in a protective outerwrap 20.

The upper end portion of the polepiece is enlarged and is formed with acontinuous shoulder 21 (FIG. 7) which bears against bob-bin flange 14.Also, the upper end portion of the polepiece is bifurcated or slotted,as indicated at 22, whereby to obtain a pair of poles 23 and 24. Pole 23is provided with a shading coil or ring 25 which is made of a highlyconductive non-magnetic metal, such as copper. As is shown in FIGS. 7and 8, a portion of the shading coil registers with slot 22. Theillustrated electromagnet unit, including shading coil 25, is applicablefor operation with an alternating current power supply.

The electromagnet unit also includes an L-shaped frame or bracketconsisting of a horizontal bottom arm 26 and a vertical side arm 27 thatis substantially parallel to polepiece 16. Side arm 27 extends above thebobbin and terminates in a rectilinear top edge 28 which is normal tothe longitudinal axis of the polepiece. The lower end portion of thepolepiece extends through an opening (not shown) in frame arm 26 and ispeened over or otherwise form-ed to obtain a rigid connection betweenthe polepiece and the frame.

Armature unit A is mounted on electromagnet unit E and cooperatestherewith in a manner that will be described further along herein. Thearmature unit includes a plate-type armature 30 having a pair of spaced,parallel arms 31. Armature 30 is generally planar and is bifurcated,i.e. formed with a slot 32 that extends inwardly from its edge that isremote from arms 31, as shown in FIG. 2, to obtain armature portions 33and 34 which overlie poles 23 and 24, respectively. Armature portions 33and 34- are relatively deformable by bending to permit of readyadjustment, as may be required, at the time of assembly. The armature isprovided with a pair of through openings 35. Each arm 31 terminates inan extension 36 having a rectangular opening 37.

A planar actuator 40 is anchored .to armature unit A through the mediumof extension 4% (FIG. 6) which register with openings 37. The actuatoris made of Bakelite or other suitable electric insulating material andis preferably parallel to armature 30. The actuator has a forward edge41 and a rearward edge 42 and is provided with a pair of openings 43that are defined in part by corresponding edges 44.

Armature unit A is maintained against and rockable relative to frameedge 28 through a predetermined operating angle by resilient hinge unitH which will now be described. This unit, as is best shown in FIG. 4, isof one-piece construction and is made of a suitable resilient metallicwire that is preferably circular in transverse cross section. Unit Hconsists of a pair of parallel leg portions 45; a pair of parallelintermediate portions or arms 46, each of which is generally normal to acorresponding leg portion; a pair of coaxial intermediate portions orarms 47, each of which is generally normal to a corresponding portion46; and a generally U-shaped loop portion 48 which is positionedsubstantially midway between portions 46. Loop portion 48 is offset fromthe common plane of portions 46 and projects toward leg portions 45 andbeyond a plane which is common to the leg portions.

As is shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, leg portions 45 extend through armatureopenings 35 and bear against the outer surface of frame arm 27. Openings35 are slightly larger than the diameter of the leg portions to permitof limited lateral movement of the armature unit relative to the frameedge, consistent with design purposes. The leg portions are affixed tothe frame by clamp unit C, which will be described further along herein.When the parts are assembled, as illustrated in FIG. 1, loop portion 48of the hinge unit bears against the rear edge portion of armature 30 andbiases the armature unit in a counterclockwise direction about frameedge 28. This biasing action is limited by engagement of rearward edge42 of the actuator with the outer surface of frame arm 27.

Clamp unit C consists of a plate member 50 and a screw 51. The platemember has a central through opening 52 and is formed with a pair ofparallel grooves 53 for reception of corresponding leg portions 45 ofthe hinge unit (FIG. 3). Screw 51 engages a through tap 54 in frame arm27 whereby to effect firm gripping of the leg portions between the platemember and the frame arm.

Contact pile-up assembly P is essentially the same as the pile-upassembly which is disclosed in said application Serial No. 81,772. It isdeemed sufficient for the purposes of this application to point out thatthe illustrated pile-up assembly includes a plurality of electricterminals 55, which extend through corresponding slots (not shown) inbase it); a plurality of flexible stationary contact arms 56; and aplurality of flexible movable contact arms 57 which are engaged byactuator 4-0. Assembly P is positioned to the left of partition ill, asviewed in FIG. 1, while electromagnet Unit E is positioned to the rightof the partition. A screw connector 6%) extends through aligned openings(not shown) in assembly P and partition 11 and engages a tap in framearm 27, thereby joining and maintaining these parts in the illustratedrelationship.

For the purpose of describing the operation of the herein described formof the invention, it is first assumed that the relay is assembled andthat magnetizing coil 15 is in deenergized condition. As a consequence,the parts are in the relative position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, armatureunit A being biased in a counter-clockwise direction about frame edge 28by hinge unit H to the extent allowed by engagement of rearward edge 42of actuator 40 with the outer surface of frame arm 27. Thus, armature 30is yieldingly maintained in its normal position away from poles 23 and21 i and movable contact arms 57 are in the elative positions shown inFIGS. 1 and 2.

When terminals 18 are connected to a suitable source of alternatingcurrent supply, magnetizing coil 15 is energized and poles 23 and 24exert suiiicient attracting force on armature portions 33 and 34,respectively, to impart clockwise rocking movement to the armature unit,as viewed in FIG. 1, against the action of loop portion 43 of the hingeunit. The poles limit clockwise pivotal movement of the armature unit.This movement of the armature unit imparts corresponding movement toactuator 40, thereby flexing movable contact arms 57 to the left. Thiscauses these contact arms to break contact with certain of thestationary contact arms and make contact with certain other stationarycontact arms, as will be evident from an examination of FIGS. 1 and 2.When the magnetizing coil is again deenergized, the parts automaticallyreturn to the relative position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

As was stated earlier herein, the resilient hinge unit constitutes oneof the principal features of this invention. It will be evident from thedescription and the drawings that, with any selected stiffness of thespring wire of unit H and any given overhang of armature 30, thepressure exerted by the armature against frame edge 28 and theassociated armature restoring force can be readily varied betweenpredetermined limits by simply sliding legs 45 of the hinge unit underclamp plate 50 to proper position before locking the legs in place bymeans of clamp screw 51. The hinge unit therefore provides a number ofadvantages and benefits, which contribute to the utility of the relay,including the following:

(1) A resilient hinge unit of the character illustrated and described,and preferably made by forming a length of spring wire which is circularor rectangular in cross section, can be readily positioned on or removedfrom the relay without disturbing any of the parts other than thearmature unit.

(2) While the hinge unit is not rigidly secured to the armature, iteffectively restricts the hinged position of the armature withinpredetermined limits along edge 28 of the frame.

(3) The value of the spring pressure in holding the armature againstedge 28 of the frame may be easily adjusted, i.e., varied, by shiftingthe clamped position of legs 45 relative to the frame.

(4) The resilient hinge unit is so constructed and ar ranged that thevalue of the spring pressure in holding the armature against hingingedge 28 of the frame may be easily adjusted by bending its arms 46 whileits legs 45 remain clamped in place on the frame.

(5) The resilient spring unit, by virtue of its loop portion 48 engagingthe overhang on the armature 30 to the rear of hinging edge 28 of theframe, serves as a means for adjusting the armature back pressure, whlchpressure is especially useful to minimize the effects of shock to therelay contacts and/or to control the relay non-operate value of currentor voltage.

In the design and construction of the motor element of an alternatingcurrent relay, the division of an end of the polepiece into two holes,one which is encircled by a shading coil and the other not, and thealignment of their poleface surfaces with a common poleface surface onthe armature, constitute a critical part of the motor element design.The relative size of the areas of the shaded and unshaded pole surfaceson the polepiece, the inductive and resistive properties of the shadingcoil, and the magnetic reluctance resulting by the unavoidable length ofthe closed gap between the armature poleface and the polefaces of eachpole, are all interrelated so that the magnitude of the closed gapaffects the electromagnetic properties of the shaded and unshaded polesto the extent that it becomes difficult or costly to meet the requiredrelay operate or pull-in value and the required maximum acceptable levelof chattering noise common to alternating current relays. These commondeficiencies in alternating current relay design are minimized byproviding the armature with a simple slot, such as slot 32 in armature30. This constitutes the other principal feature of the invention, whichis mentioned earlier herein, and results in a number of advantages orbenefits, including the following:

(1) The provision of slot 32 in the armature, when located approximatelycentrally with respect to the space 22 between the two poles of thepolepiece, provides in effect, two separate poleface surfaces, each ofwhich is adapted to mate with the associated poleface surface of thecorresponding pole when the armature portions 33 and 34 are properlyaligned with poles 23 and 24, as shown in FIG. 8.

(2) Either of armature portions 33 and 34 may be displaced or deformedrelative to the other, as required: (1) To minimize or control theclosed pole gap reluctance on the relay and (2) to minimize or controlthe audible noise common to improperly aligned armature and polepiecesurfaces. FIG. 7 illustrates an armature which is misaligned at the timeof assembly. It will be apparent that either or both of armatureportions 33 and 34 may be bent to compensate for such misalignment,whereby the parts will be properly aligned, as shown in FIG. 8, when therelay is in energized condition.

(3) The slotted armature, by virtue of the airgap between the tworesulting polefaces, reduces the fringing of the flux from the matingpolefaces on the polepiece and thereby improves the perpendicularity ofthe direction of the flux at each poleface. This improvement indirection of the magnetic flux results in an increase in the numericalvalue of the flux density at the mating poleface surfaces. Since themagnetic tractive force varies directly as the square of the fluxdensity normal to the effective poleface area, the slotted armatureresults in an appreciable increase in tractive force.

The enumerate advantages and beneficial effects of the bifurcatedarmature of an alternating current relay are amply supported byoperating test data on a relay of the invention using an armature unitbefore and after forming the slot 32 in armature 30. The test dataestablished that when the alignment of the unsoltted armature is such asto have a closed gap length of 0.001 to 0.0015 inch at one of the polesof the polepiece, by cutting the slot and displacing one of the polefacesurfaces of the armature in the direction to reduce the closed gaplength so as to make a point or line contact at both pole surfaces, theoverall tractive force for the same applied operating voltage value wasconsiderably improved and the former audible chattering noise waseliminated insofar as the normal ear could detect.

From the foregoing, it is believed that the objects, advantages,construction and operation of my present invention will be readilycomprehended by persons skilled in the art without further description.Although the invention has been herein shown and described in a simpleand practicable form, it is recognized that certain parts thereof arerepresentative of other parts which may be used in substantially thesame manner to accomplish substantially the same results. Therefore, itis to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the exactdetails described herein, but is to be accorded the full scope androtection of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In an electromagnetic device, an electromagnet unit comprising aframe, an electromagnet coil carried by the frame, a polepiece extendingthrough the coil and at least one pole at one end of the polepiece; anarmature unit comprising an armature adjacent the pole, said armatureengaging the frame and having a pair of spaced through openings formedtherein; and a resilient hinge unit made of a single piece of springmetal and comprising a pair of end legs, each of which extends through acorresponding one of said openings and is secured to the frame, a pairof first arms connected to the legs, each arm being angularly disposedrelative to a corresponding leg, and a loop member connected to the endsof the arms which are remote from the legs, said loop member beingoifset from the arms and projecting toward the legs; the frame,polepiece, armature and hinge unit being so constructed and arrangedthat the loop member normally and yieldingly imparts pivotal movement tothe armature unit in one direction relative to the frame whereby thearmature is positioned away from the pole, said armature unit, uponenergization of the coil, being pivoted in a reverse direction againstthe action of the loop member due to the armature being attracted to thepole.

2. An electromagnetic device according to claim 1 wherein the hinge unitis made of a spring wire and further comprises a pair of second arms,each of which is secured to the end of a first arm that is remote from acorresponding leg, the loop member being connected to the ends of thesecond arms that are remote from the corresponding first arms and beingpositioned intermediate the first arms.

3. An electromagnetic device according to claim 2 wherein the first armsare substantially parallel, wherein the second arms are substantiallycoaxial and wherein the first and second arms are substantially entirelyin a common plane.

4. An electromagnetic device according to claim 3 wherein the legs ofthe hinge unit are generally parallel, wherein each first arm of thehinge unit is generally normal to a corresponding leg, and wherein eachsecond arm of the hinge unit is generally normal to a correspondingfirst arm.

5. An electromagnetic device according to claim 1 including means forsecuring the leg portions of the hinge unit to the frame and for varyingthe force exerted by the intermediate portion of the hinge unit on thearmature.

6. An electromagnetic device according to claim 5 wherein said meanscomprises a clamp unit secured to the frame and engaging the legportions of the hinge unit.

7. In an electromagnetic device, an electromagnet unit comprising aframe, an electromagnet coil carried by the frame, a polepiece extendingthrough the coil and a pair of spaced poles at one end of the polepiece;an armature unit comprising an armature adjacent the poles, saidarmature including a pair of relatively deformable spaced portions, eachof which is at least coextensive and aligned with a corresponding pole;and means including a resilient unit for securing the armature unit tothe frame and for normally and yieldingly imparting pivotal movement tothe armature unit in one direction relative to the frame whereby saidarmature portions are positioned away from the poles, said armatureunit, upon energization of the coil, being pivoted in a reversedirection against the action of the resilient unit due to the armaturebeing attracted to the poles.

8. An electromagnetic device according to claim 7 including a shadingcoil circumscribing one of the poles, a portion of the shading coilbeing positioned in the space between the poles.

9. An electromagnetic device according to claim 7 wherein the armaturecomprises a bifurcated plate.

10. An electromagnetic device according to claim 7 wherein the armatureunit includes a pair of spaced arms connected to the armature and anactuator secured to the ends of the arms that are remote from thearmature.

'11. An electromagnetic device according to claim 1%) wherein theactuator is adapted to engage the frame and limit pivotal movement ofthe armature unit relative to the frame in said one direction.

12. In an electromagnetic device, an electromagnet unit comprising aframe, an electromagnet coil carried by the frame, a polepiece extendingthrough the coil and a pair of spaced poles at one end of the polepiece;an armature unit comprising an armature adjacent the poles, saidarmature including a pair of relatively deformable spaced portions, eachof which is at least coextensive and aligned with a corresponding pole,said armature having a pair of spaced through openings formed therein;and means including a resilient unit for securing the armature unit tothe frame and for normally and yieldingly impartting pivotal movement tothe armature unit in one direction relative to the frame whereby saidarmature portions are positioned away from the poles, said armatureunit, upon energization of the coil, being pivoted in a reversedirection against the action of the resilient unit due to the armaturebeing attracted to the poles, said resilient unit comprising a pair ofleg portions, each of which extends through a corresponding one of saidopenings and is secured to the frame, and an intermediate portionconnected to the leg portions and bearing against the armature wherebyto effect such pivotal movement of the armature relative to the frame insaid one direction.

13. An electromagnetic device according to claim 12 wherein theresilient unit is made of a single piece of spring wire that isconfigured to form a pair of end legs, a pair of first arms, each firstarm being connected to and defining an angle with a corresponding leg, apair of second arms, each second arm being connected to the end of afirst arm that is remote from a corresponding leg, and a loop memberconnected to the ends of the second arms that are remote fromcorresponding first arms, said loop member being positioned intermediatethe first arms, being offset from the first arms and projecting towardthe legs.

14. An electromagnetic device according to claim 12 wherein theresilient unit is made of a single piece of spring wire that isconfigured to form a pair of end legs, a pair of generally parallelfirst arms, each first arm being connected to and defining an angle witha corresponding leg, a pair of substantially coaxial second arms, eachsecond arm being connected to the end of a first arm that is remote froma corresponding leg, and a loop member connected to the ends of thesecond arms which are remote from corresponding first arms, said firstand second arms being substantially entirely in a common plane, saidloop member being offset from said common plane and projecting towardthe legs.

15. An electromagnetic device according to claim 14 wherein the legs ofthe resilient unit are generally parallel, wherein each first arm of theresilient unit is generally normal to a corresponding leg, and whereineach second arm of the resilient unit is generally normal to acorresponding first arm.

16. An electromagnetic unit according to claim 12 wherein said meansalso includes a clamp unit secured to the frame and engaging the legportions of the resilient unit.

17. An electromagnetic device according to claim 12 wherein the armatureunit includes a pair of spaced arms connected to the armature and anactuator secured to the ends of the arms that are remote from thearmature, said actuator being adapted to engage the frame and limitpivotal movement of the armature unit relative to the frame in said onedirection.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,916,580 12/1959Seele 20087 3,117,255 1/1964 Peterson 20087 3,156,797 11/1964 SmithZOO-87 BERNARD A. GILHEANY, Primary Examiner.

JOHN F BURNS, Examiner.

1. IN AN ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE, AN ELECTROMAGNET UNIT COMPRISING AFRAME, AN ELECTROMAGNET COIL CARRIED BY THE FRAME, A POLEPIECE EXTENDINGTHROUGH THE COIL AND AT LEAST ONE POLE AT ONE END OF THE POLEPIECE; ANARMATURE UNIT COMPRISING AN ARMATURE ADJACENT THE POLE, AND ARMATUREENGAGING THE FRAME AND HAVING A PAIR OF SPACED THROUGH OPENINGS FORMEDTHEREIN; AND A RESILIENT HINGE UNIT MADE OF A SINGLE PIECE OF SPRINGMETAL AND COMPRISING A PAIR OF END LEGS, EACH OF WHICH EXTENDS THROUGH ACORRESPONDING ONE OF SAID OPENINGS AND IS SECURED TO THE FRAME, A PAIROF FIRST ARMS CONNECTED TO THE LEGS, EACH ARM BEING ANGULARLY DISPOSEDRELATIVE TO A CORRESPONDING LEG, AND A LOOP MEMBER CONNECTED TO THE ENDSOF THE ARMS WHICH ARE REMOTE FROM THE LEGS, SAID LOOP MEMBER BEINGOFFSET FROM THE ARMS AND PROJECTING TOWARD THE LEGS; THE FRAME,POLEPIECE, ARMATURE AND HINGE UNIT BEING SO CONSTRUCTED AND ARRANGEDTHAT THE LOOP MEMBER NORMALLY AND YIELDINGLY IMPARTS PIVOTAL MOVEMENT OFTHE ARMATURE UNIT IN ONE DIRECTION RELATIVE TO THE FRAME WHEREBY THEARMATURE IS POSITIONED AWAY FROM THE POLE, SAID ARMATURE UNIT, UPONENERGIZATION OF THE COIL, BEING PIVOTED TO A REVERSE DIRECTION AGAINSTTHE ACTION OF THE LOOP MEMBER DUE TO THE ARMATURE BEING ATTRACTED TO THEPOLE.